the KOOLSKOOL blog
9Feb/110

ASER Report: RTE Vs Reality

Right to Education is a rather noble cause, but is it getting implemented right or are schools able to follow closely? It does not seem like at least in rural India. The basic framework,  be it in terms of student to teacher ratio or even the basic infrastructure, is fundamentally weak.

Pupil to teacher ratio

School EnrollmentRTE Std.Number of Teachers on ground
123456>=7
1-60242.527.530
61-90346.921.331.8
91-120457.817.125.1
>120541.311.946.8

Infrastructure

Per RTE, a school shall have an all weather building with the following facilities:

  • At least one classroom for every teacher
  • Office cum store cum head teacher’s room
  • Separate toilets for boys and girls
  • Safe and adequate drinking water facility to all children
  • A kitchen where midday meal is cooked in the school
  • Playground
  • Arrangements for securing the school building by boundary wall or fencing.
  • Teaching learning equipment: shall be provided to each class as required.
  • Library: There shall be a library in each school providing newspapers, magazines and books on all

% of Schools with
BuildingOffice/Store/Office cum store74.5
Playground62.1
Boundary wall52.2
Drinking WaterNo facility for drinking water17.4
Facility but no drinking water available10.5
Drinking water available72.2
ToiletNo toilet facility10.1
Facility but toilet not useable38.8
Toilet useable51.1
Girls' Toilet% Schools with no separate provision for girls toilets29.3
Of schools with separate girls toilets, % schools where
Toilet locked19.9
Toilet not useable14
Toilet useable36.8
Teaching Learning MaterialTeaching learning material in Std 280.4
Teaching learning material in Std 475.9
LibraryNo library36.9
Library but no books being used by children on day of visit24.4
Library books being used by children on day of visit38.7
Mid-day MealKitchen shed for cooking midday meal81.3
Midday meal served in school on day of visit83.4

It does clearly seem that there are miles to go before the current framework manages to catch up with what RTE prescribes or aims for. In an earlier post, we had mentioned the government's desire to get public sector units to fund many of these initiatives. The money could certainly come in handy to improve basic infrastructure, but teachers have to find it monetarily lucrative enough to remain in rural areas as well.

29Jan/110

ASER Report: State-wise results on rural education

ASER India national report

ASER India national report (data for J&K and Madhya Pradesh not available in provisional report)

The reports show some very clear trends as you will see below.

The more prosperous states do well overall, with education improving and % of girl children in schools increasing as well. Focused literacy and education programs are starting to bear fruit. Punjab is an example.  Eastern states are starting to do well, and a solid performer has been Himachal Pradesh.

Many states have produced variable results. Year 2009 seems to have been one of fluctuating fortunes as well. The states which are usually oppressive towards girl children (Rajasthan, or western Uttar Pradesh) do poorly even in this survey, naturally. Haryana however, is starting to show improvement.

Very surprisingly Tamil Nadu is one of the worst laggards in providing education (of relevance or impact) in rural areas. The impact of whatever education is getting provided in the state is clearly minimal. This is surprising because there has been no political turmoil of significance, no startling violence or impact of terrorism.

Laggard States

AreaState%
% of 11-14 year old girls who are not in schoolRajasthan10-15%
attendance % for enrolled children attending primary schoolUttar Pradesh, Bihar50-60%
% of children in Std III who can read Std I textTamil Nadu<30%
% of children in Std V who can read Std II textTamil Nadu30-40%

Progressive States

AreaState%
% of 11-14 year old girls who are not in schoolPunjab, Haryana0-3%
attendance % for enrolled children attending primary schoolHimachal Pradesh>90%
% of children in Std III who can read Std I textHimachal Pradesh, Mizoram<30%

   
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